1. Which of the following is most associated with an increase in minimal change disease?

2. This disease is characterized by nephritis which progresses to chronic renal failure in patients who also have nerve deafness and various eye disorders. The hereditary pattern is X-linked.

3. A 60-year-old patient with multiple myeloma presents with renal failure. A renal biopsy is performed, and represented images are shown. Based on the findings, what is the best diagnosis?

4. This disease is characterized by familial asymptomatic hematuria, which is usually found incidentally. Renal biopsy shows a glomerulobasement membrane 150-250 nm in thickness. The best diagnosis is:

5. This syndrome is characterized by skin lesions, usually involving the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs, abdominal pain (nausea, vomiting, GI bleeding), and joint pain in addition to renal pathology. The renal manifestations includes nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy shows IgA deposition in the mesangium. The skin lesions are noted to have a necrotizing vasculitis in the small vessels. The best diagnosis is:

6. A 60-year-old man with hypercalcemia is found to have a tubulointerstitial nephritis. An image of the immunofluorescence for kappa is shown. The immunofluorescence highlights like chain deposition in the glomerular basement membranes and tubular basement membranes. Based on these findings what is the patient’s most likely diagnosis?

7. A HIV infected patient presents with nephrotic syndrome. A renal biopsy is performed and representative light microscopic images are shown. Low-power examination shows focal cystic dilation of tubule segments and scattered inflammation. Jones stain highlights the glomerular pathology. Electron microscopy (not shown) shows tubuloreticular inclusions within the endothelial cells. Based on these findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?

8. This lesion can easily be overlooked on renal biopsy, especially if there are too few glomeruli for evaluation. It may also be mistaken initially for minimal change disease. Which of the following diagnoses best fits this description?

9. After undergoing a renal transplant, a 32-year-old is found to have pyelonephritis. A renal biopsy is performed and represented images including a special immunohistochemistry stain are shown. Based on the history and histologic findings, what virus is immunohistochemistry stain specific for?

10. A biopsy from a 44 y/o patient with a significant past medical history shows nodular glomerulosclerosis in which the nodules in the image (trichrome stain) for this case are also PAS positive within the glomerular lobules. The surrounding capillary loops are patent. These features are most characteristic of: